Ellie Darvill

As per tradition, Queen Victoria’s throne speech marked the start of the annual legislative session. 1880 held a general election in which Gladstone beat out Disraeli for prime minister, much to Victoria’s disappointment. She addresses this change...

Queen Victoria’s 1890 throne speech reads like a state of the union address. In it, she discusses the foreign affairs with Portugal, the United States, and Australia, and introduces her proposal for improving relations with Ireland by helping them...

Queen Victoria’s 1892 throne speech marks the second time in British history when the monarch’s wishes led to a vote of no confidence. Victoria retained her support for the Marquess of Salisbury as prime minister. However, following the speech, the...

“On Dreams” is part of Aristotle’s Parva Naturalia, a collection of works on the phenomena of human life. In this treatise, he hypothesizes that we dream because our sensory organs continue to function while we sleep. He compares dreams to...

Hippocrates earned the title “Father of Medicine” for his extensive work in Ancient Greece. He effectively established medicine as a profession. Modern doctors still swear to uphold the ethical standards he laid out in the Hippocratic Oath. His book...

Hippocrates revolutionized the study of medicine in Ancient Greece, but some of his ideas still influence the medical field today. In his book On Ulcers, Hippocrates details the recommended treatment for this ailment. While modern medicine has moved...